Learning about the Life of My Coal-Mining Great-Grandfather on a Visit to Scranton, Pa

I remember little about my great-grandfather Ignatz Kalina. I have but one picture of him--a fading black-and-white photo of the two of us, sitting together on a couch, in what, I assume, is his living room in Taylor, Pennsylvania. A word to the young: Question your relatives and embrace curiosity because one day you may cherish that information and it may not be at your fingertips.

A few years ago I took the time to do some research on the internet about  "Pop" Kalina and found a miner's certificate from Moffat Coal. To this day I can't seem to locate it, so any recommendations on how to find it would be greatly appreciated.

Through the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC), I did find his name on a list of mining accidents. While working as a trackman's helper in his '40s, he was struck in the jaw when a bar slipped. Evidently, he advanced in his profession to become a full-fledged miner, certified to work with explosives only later in life.  "Pop" Kalina, who arrived in this country with his bride Paulina, (yes, I got a laugh out of the fact that her first and last name rhyme, in the "Americanized" pronunciation), lived to be 86 years old. The man who toiled in the damp, dark, recesses of the earth for many years, was, by accounts, hale and hearty (as they would say in the old days), and managed to escape the perils of black lung--a condition that struck down so many of those who worked in his profession.

Me and "Pop" Back in the Day

When an editor asked me to visit the Scranton region for an upcoming article, I decided to take advantage of the opportunity to learn more about Ignatz and what it was like to live the life of a coal miner. 

The first stop on my path to discovery was Eckley Miners' Village. This fine example of a typical coal "patch town" tells a story of how the miners lived when coal was king. Located a bit off the beaten path in Weatherly, Pennsylvania, the "ghost town" is now maintained by the PHMC as a historical site dedicated to educating the public about coal-mining life. 

There my husband and I viewed a short film as told through the eyes of a coal miner. Afterward, we strolled around the small museum, which gave us insight into each job performed by those who worked in the mines, from the nippers to the breaker boys and the miners themselves.

Young boys were forced to grow up early in the mining community. There were no "pajama boys," whining about their plight way back when. These pictures of haunted faces are telling and should shame those who have it so much better.

Those who thought mining paid well for the era might be interested to know that many were forced to shop at the "company store" for goods sold at elevated prices. Suddenly the old Tennessee Ernie Ford song seemed to make sense. 

The exhibits portrayed the day-to-day existence of the miner and his family, describing seasonal duties and painting a portrait of a hardscrabble life. Being married to a miner couldn't have been easy, with common stories like the one associated with the picture below. At least the wives were encouraged to think "good thoughts" when they cobbled together a family dinner. (Note the stove brand.)

Outside, visitors can stroll the Eckley area with a docent, or drive through the village. The planned community was arranged by social status from east to west. Miners and their families lived on the east side in double homes and engineers lived farther west in single-family homes. The mine owner resided farthest west at the opposite end of town. 

Pic. 1: Main Street in Eckley
Pic. 2: Presbyterian Church circa 1854
Pic. 3: Double Home in which coal miners raised their families
Pic. 4: A 1968 re-creation of a Breaker which stood near the site of one of the three original breakers. 

In 1970, Hollywood came calling and a cast and crew arrived in Weatherly to film "The Molly Maguires," a gritty movie based on a true story about Irish coal miners and corporate exploitation.The visit to Eckley was insightful and I was ready to learn more at the Lackawanna County Coal mine where my great-grandfather used to work as an employee of Moffat Coal. I can't help but admit it was a bit of a thrill to walk the same path he walked oh so many years ago. Tours are offered between April 1 and November 1 and are conducted frequently throughout the day.

After we parked in the ample lot, we walked a few minutes to the main center where staff provided us with tickets, a hair net and a hard hat. We were then invited to watch a short film about coal mining and browse the small gift shop while waiting the call for the tour to start.

When it was our turn, we joined about 25 others and piled into a bright yellow car to make our descent into the mine. I have to say I had a few butterflies plunging slowly down that deep hill into darkness, but hey, I'm supposedly built of good stock, so I stuffed that down and sucked it up. When we arrived at the bottom and were permitted to exit the car, I breathed a sigh of relief.

Our descent into the mine

Our guide led us through the mine, describing various duties performed by the workers. We learned that in 1902, the certified rates paid for laborers were 18 cents an hour and breaker boys earned 13 cents--the same as mule drivers. Engineers made $78 a month and nippers were paid the least at 11 cents an hour, likely due to their young age.

We also learned that mine workers had to always be on guard, especially for electrocution hazards. Our guide relayed a story about a mule whose ear touched a wire and he was struck dead on the spot, landing on the damp ground with a sickening thud. Perhaps this is why earwear like this was eventually employed. This picture of a mule hate was taken at the Anthracite Heritage Museum. 

A mule hat to protect the mules from being accidentally electrocuted

As we made our way through the mine, we peered into the bosses office carved from earth  and looking rather, shall we say, rustic? I still imagine "Pop" Kalina peering in and waving a friendly hello here and there.

A miner and his mule

At the end of the tour, we were all given a "mining certificate," earned by doing little but observing how those who were ready, willing and able to contribute to the fabric and success of America by assimilation, grit, hard work and determination. I left feeling thankful and a deep debt of gratitude to those who came before--for their intestinal fortitude, pride and their work ethic and am very proud to count my great-grandfather among that group of fine men.

Discover Art, Antiques, Shops and More in "Quirky" Lambertville

Nestled along the banks of the Delaware River is the scenic city of Lambertville, New Jersey. Despite being named by Forbes as "one of the prettiest small towns in America,"it's often overlooked by vacationers who are dazzled  by the neighboring artisan enclave of New Hope, Pennsylvania, which is located just across the the bridge.

Founded in 1705, the gem of a town offers practically everything New Hope touts, from boutique shops, to art galleries and restaurants. Comparing the two, I'd describe Lambertville as "less hippy, more relaxed." I'd be remiss if I failed to mention that it's also quieter. The motorcyclists have yet to figure out that there are cool places just right across the bridge and I'd like to keep it that way. And before anyone casts aspersions on my age due to that remark, I have only one thing to say: "Get off my lawn!"

But as I was saying, there are many reasons to visit Lambertville, not the least of which is its uniqueness. In addition to being named one of the prettiest small towns in 2013, the area was also ranked one of the five "quirkiest" towns--a distinction bestowed in 2014 by Travel & Leisure magazine.

Finding Your Way Around
Visitors will encounter old and interesting sites while strolling around town. As a first order of business Melanie Tucker, owner of "Rare Finds Travel," recommends scheduling a free walking tour hosted by the Lambertville Historical Society.

Presbyterian Cemetery spotted along the street. Holcombe and Coryell monuments.

Finkle's Hardware Store--serving Lambertville since 1917.

"On the tour, visitors will see things like the Cowin Stone mansion built by the mayor of Lambertville and the owner of Stoneworks.  He engaged Italian stone makers to hand cut each stone on site. Guests will also learn about another homeowner who operated a spoke factory and went on to become wealthy due to the Civil War," said Tucker, adding, "Lambertville provided many of the spokes that were affixed to the caissons that carried the cannons for the Union Army."

The hour-long tours start at 2:00 p.m. and are offered on the first Sunday of the month from April through November. Learn more here.

Galleries Galore
Lambertville is known for its collection of art, a reputation that has continued for over a century when an artist colony was formed there. Behold the bold, colorful paintings of artist Tony La Salle at his gallery at the corner of Bridge and Main, discover unique pieces at The River Queen Artisans' Gallery on Church, or set aside some time to stroll through Jim's of Lambertville to view a remarkable collection of impressionist paintings.

If you're a fan of old, re-purposed buildings, you'll also enjoy A Mano Galleries, where you'll find a variety of artwork, including one-of-a-kind gifts and sculptures like the one shown below.

A Mano Galleries

Sculpture at A Mano

"The Antique Capital of New Jersey"

Also known as the "antique capital of New Jersey," Lambertville is home to myriad antique shops, including The People's Store. Those who are passionate about all things old can get lost in the four-story building which dates back to 1835. Treasure hunters will enjoy inspecting every nook and cranny of the place which houses a collection of items from scores of dealers. Among the eclectic array you'll find furnishings, art, period clothing, jewelry and more.

Sign at The People's Store

The Dining Scene
Restaurants are plentiful and appeal to a variety of tastes. Jump start your morning with a great cuppa Jo at Rojo's Roastery, a business which specializes in roasting beans procured from small farms across the globe.

For an indulgent lunch, step inside an old train station and enjoy American cuisine at the Lambertville Station Restaurant. Situated along the banks of the Delaware, the eatery offers scenic views and a menu to suit a variety of tastes.

Those who prefer to "grab and go" can enjoy the signature Italian Roast Pork served at DiNapoli's restaurant on Kline's court. You may recognize the name from the Reading Terminal Market where they've been a fixture for years.

For dinner, I can't say enough about Anton's at the Swan, which marries old-school atmosphere with upscale dining.

Swan Creek near Anton's at the Swan

Hubby at Anton's at the Swan

Filet of beef at Anton's at the Swan

The low-lit and elegantly appointed dining room make it a perfect place to take your date. When we visited, quite a few couples were enjoying the romantic atmosphere. The farm-to-table cuisine is handled expertly by Chef Chris Connors and the menu changes seasonally. Current selections include New York Strip, chicken breast, pan-roasted duck, filet of beef and red snapper, to name a few. My filet was done to perfection and my husband thoroughly enjoyed his duck as well.

Stay in the Heart of Downtown

For convenience, we chose to stay at the Lambertville House . Built by Captain John Lambert in 1812, the business initially operated as Lambert's Inn--a stagecoach stop that provided lodging for U.S. presidents, including Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant. The Inn also offered respite for visiting dignitaries and business leaders who traveled the main thoroughfare from New York to Philadelphia.

The historic hotel has been awarded the AAA Award of Excellence for the past 15 years and each room contains a fireplace, robes and jetted tubs. The only complaint we had during our visit is that we were forced to park off the property during part of our stay due to a corporate event. Parking is extremely limited,so be sure to query in advance.

The Lambertville House

These are just a few of my suggestions for an enjoyable stay in Lambertville and now is a great time of year to visit the laid-back little town that seems to offer a little something for everyone. 

A Visit to the National Shrine of Our Lady of Czestochowa

A trip to Doylestown this weekend took me the National Shrine of Our Lady of Czestochowa. I visited Doylestown, Pennsylvania last year and lacked the time to visit the destination that interested me due to my Polish/Ukrainian background.

As I learn more details about the shrine, I will likely take the time to write about it on this blog. 

In the meantime, I will just direct you to the many pictures I took, which can be found at the facebook site here.

An "Odd Duck" Built by an Eccentric Shoe Wizard

Last weekend, my husband and I decided to take a short road trip to the Haines Shoe House located in Hellam, Pennsylvania, along the historic Lincoln Highway.

I've known about the house for years. In fact, I once stumbled upon it during my travels and attempted to gain entrance, only to discover it was closed for a private group tour. That was several years ago, so sitting around with nothing to do (for a change) on a sunny Sunday, we thought we'd give it another shot.

We arrived at 197 Shoe House Road in York, Pennsylvania around 1 p.m. There was plenty of parking in the little lot surrounding the unique house that is situated among lush fields and rolling hills, with a few houses located across the way.

One of the first items we spotted was an adorable little miniature version of the main house, which on further inspection turned out to be a canine residence.

The backyard features a dog house in the shape of a shoe.

The Dog House located in the back of the Haines Shoe House

The Haines Shoe House is an example of what is called mimetic architecture--also known as "novelty" architecture, which was popular in the first half of the 20th century. I've always been fascinated with mimetic architecture and plan to write more about such buildings in the future.

More recently I discovered these buildings were also known as "ducks." Might that be where the phrase "he's an odd duck" originates? One can only surmise. Anyway, here's the article I found on one of my favorite blogs called "Restaurant-ing through History." You can read more about "ducks" here.

I took a few pictures of the outside of the house then walked inside the little ice cream shop located on the first level. All eyes seemed to be upon me, as if to say, "It's about time." I can blame hubby for this since he entered before I was done shooting pictures and it appears that I was holding up a tour.

The backyard of the Haines Shoe House 

The Haines Shoe House 

Order your Beck's peanut butter ripple here

The good thing about being "late" to the scene however, is that we were off to the races pretty quickly. Within just a few minutes our tour began.

Mahlon Haines---The Shoe Wizard

Mahlon Haines was an expert marketer

Mahlon Haines was born in Old Washington, Ohio on March 5, 1875. A fellow Marchie--and eccentric "to boot," go figure.

Haines lost his dad when he was but an infant and as a young man went to work at his mother Elizabeth's department store in Washington, DC. Elizabeth was ahead of her time, running the largest American department store owned and operated by a woman. With these proceeds, she was able to fund her son's education at Maryland Agricultural College (now the University of Maryland). Haines then became a corporal in the campus military organization, according to the University of Maryland archives, but his college career lasted a mere two years.

According to some accounts, Mahlon asked to be made a partner in his mother's store and when she denied his request, he took off for California, worked for a few years there as a clothing rep and eventually moved back to Ohio to marry his sweetheart. Mahlon didn't seem to be having much luck in the interpersonal relationship department those days, because that, too, fell through, causing him to pack up, hop on his bike and journey back home, presumably to dine on a little crow and request that mumsy re-hire him. He made it as far as York, Pennsylvania when his trusty transportation bit the dust and he was forced to rely upon his ingenuity to extricate himself from a precarious position. The first thing he did was sell the engagement ring intended for his beloved. He then parlayed the proceeds into 10 pairs of shoes, which he promptly sold at a farmers' market and from those humble beginnings, the Haines shoe empire was born.

A pair of Haines shoes

Over the years, the eccentric businessman turned the "shoe business" into "show business" with his marketing exploits. He is said to have walked a tightrope between two of his stores, handed out scads of advertising fans at churches (which hang on the walls of the house) and rode around town with  a cart pulled by an ox painted with the words "Haines Shoes from Hoof to Hoof."

Many a lady fanned herself at church with a Haines "The Shoe Wizard" Fan

By 1935, Haines had amassed 50 shoe stores in Pennsylvania and Maryland and in 1948, the freewheeling businessman decided it was time to embark upon a more ambitious attention-grabbing marketing ploy. This time the self-proclaimed "Shoe Wizard" would build a house visible from the main road on the Lincoln Highway East in the likeness of his best-selling boot.

The 48-foot-long, 25-foot-high structure took nine months to build and Haines lived in the house for a short while before moving to a another property. The five-level house contains three bedrooms, two bathrooms, a kitchen and a living room.

Parlor at the Haines Shoe House

Bedroom with sink

The guide told us this was the maid's quarters, although it's difficult to imagine fitting a bed in there.

Kitchen at the Shoe House

View from the upstairs

Another shot of the kitchen.

Haines was known as a very generous philanthropist and treated honeymooners and elderly couples to free stays at the shoe house, complete with butler and maid.

A door featuring Mahlon's likeness in stained glass

The businessman was known for sharing his wealth with the community and was active in organizations like the Boy Scouts.

Here is just one example I found of how Haines gave back to those who lived in the York area. He took out this ad celebrating himself (which I found amusing) by paying for a week's worth of festivities that included free refreshments, ice skating, dancing, music cakewalks and fireworks.

About 10 years before his death, an article ran on August 16, 1952, in the Gettysburg Times. It provided the reader with a glimpse into Haines' political beliefs and his plans for the future. In it, he says, "I have given enough money to be squandered and spent in wars and wars, killing off and hospitalizing the finest young men in the world. So from now on I am giving the profits of my great chain of shoe stores to my customers and employees." He then lowered prices on all of his shoes and vowed at the end of each year to give "other" money to his faithful employees, that is, he added, "if our un-American government  controls will allow me."

Haines passed away in 1962 and left the house to his employees, but his memory lives on. In 2015, Melanie and Jeff Schmuck purchased the home and they continue to share their love of the structure with the public through tours and an old-fashioned ice cream parlor. After the sale, a local newspaper reported the Schmucks as saying, "It was like we were given the keys to the Wonka Factory."

To learn more about tours, prices and times, visit their website at  http://www.hainesshoehouse.com/.

History, Art, Architecture, and a Long-Running Street Fair--All Part of Mechanicsburg's Charm

Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania located in Cumberland County is very familiar to me. My grandmother lived there most of her life and all of mine and my father studied at the Mechanicsburg schools. Since she's been gone, I've been back a few times a year for various events. Once every several years I even lose my mind long enough to think it will be fun to join in the hustle and bustle of Jubilee Day, the longest-running, one-day street fair on the East Coast.

Jubilee Day started 92 years ago as the "Farmers and Merchants Jubilee Day." Today, it is held every third Thursday in June. During this time, Mechanicsburg's Main Street shuts down to accommodate approximately 70,000 visitors who attend the event and each year the press stands among the throngs to report on the food, the vendors and the musical entertainment on tap that day. I, too, was assigned there once. My job was to explain how technology plays a part in the festival these days. You can read all about it here. If attending Jubilee Day sounds like something you'd enjoy, you can learn more by clicking on this link. This year's extravaganza takes place on June 16 and runs from 10 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.

One thing I also learned about Mechanicsburg in the last five years or so is that it has the dubious distinction of being the northernmost town to surrender formally to the Confederacy--but only after the townspeople fed the troops. Volunteers shared this interesting fact when I visit a re-enactment staged in a local park for a story in 2013. History buffs reported that Brig. Gen. Albert Jenkins demanded residents deliver 1,500 rations to the town hall within the course of 90 minutes. He punctuated his sentence with a gunshot.

Just this past Saturday, I learned more about the small town when I signed up for a walking tour hosted by the Mechanicsburg Museum Association. A group of about 10 gathered at the small museum located at 2 Strawberry Alley to view various artifacts like records dating back to the 1800's, which listed deliveries to numerous businesses around the area. I admired this picture which hung on the wall and scene of Mechanicsburg from years ago.

Seen inside the Mechanicsburg Museum.

The museum association is responsible for the preservation of the 1889 Washington Street Station, the 1866 Stationmaster's House, the 1886 freight station, the 1867 passenger station and the Frankenberger Tavern, which dates back to 1801.

The Stationmaster's House--take a virtual tour by clicking here.

Frankenberger Tavern built in 1801

Built by George Frankenberger, the tavern offered cattle drovers a place to sleep and a warm meal in exchange for a small fee. By all accounts, it was a successful business, due, in part, to the fact that Main Street was the main road from Harrisburg to Carlisle in the 1820's. In 1983, the structure was moved 100 feet from its original location to accommodate business development.

A fire swept through the house next door recently putting the historical structure in jeopardy . Thankfully, only a few logs in the back of the building were singed, but you can get a glimpse of the devastation in the following picture. John Klinger, our tour guide, informed the group that the association  acquired the adjacent lot and plans are in the works to clean it up and re-purpose the space.

The property next to the Frankenberger Tavern caught fire putting the historical structure in jeopardy.

Across the street from the passenger station of the Cumberland Valley Railroad, (which now serves as the museum) is the American House Hotel, which served diners and business travelers passing through the area. Today the structure has been converted into apartments.

Formerly the American House Hotel serving travelers passing through Mechanicsburg. 

This imposing building on Main and Market opened in 1926 as The First Bank & Trust Company. The site was once home to Franklin Hall. Erected in 1866, Franklin Hall housed municipal offices and a space to accommodate approximately 600 people for movies and concerts, and included a third-floor Masonic Lodge.

Old Franklin Hall built in 1866

Originally The First Bank & Trust Company circa 1926

Pre-civil war residences like the one below were also discussed during the walk. A retired teacher who was on the tour said he knew the man who lived at this house located at 240 Main and that the structure was used as a bakery during the war.

  

Although the facade was updated in 1957 to accommodate larger equipment, part of the current fire station dates back to 1907 and if visitors venture behind the building, they will see several pieces of history that have been preserved, including a hydrant dating back to 1858 and bells from Borough Hall and Irving College, which was founded in 1857 as the first women's college in Pennsylvania. An old fountain that served horses, humans and dogs is also located on the site.

Mechanicsburg's all-volunteer fire station

Artifacts behind the fire station

A fire hydrant dating back to 1858

The oldest public building in Mechanicsburg, known as the Union Church, was built in 1825 and never laid claim to a regular pastor or permanent congregation, but was used temporarily for a small fee by congregations who couldn't afford a place of worship.

Mechanicsburg's Union Church built in 1825

Another tribute to the past along the main road is the Eckels building. Dr. George Eckels and his brother Walter opened their drugstore located at 36 E. Main Street in 1879 and it remained in the Eckels family for a century. Built in 1857, the structure was once home to Dr. M.B. Mosser. The business, which today operates as an ice cream parlor, also serves diners. Wooden booths and tables date back to 1929 and a marble soda fountain evokes nostalgic memories. For this reason, a scene in the movie"Girl Interrupted" was filmed there in the 90's. If you visit, be sure to walk towards the back of the dining room to have a look around the Pharmacy Museum. The business is closed on Mondays and Tuesdays.

Eckel's Ice Cream Fountain steeped in history

Below is a picture of Eckel's when it was owned by Dr. M.B. Mosser, before the storefront was added.

Two other structures, which I found interesting for their flaws are shown below. Our guide informed us that log structures were cobbled together here: 

And two buildings were fused together here in this structure that serves as a funeral home. You can see the seam quite clearly.

Located several steps up the road is what is known to locals as the"G Man," otherwise known as the "Gingerbread Man." I still remember my grandmother asking if I was going to the "G Boy" back in the day and getting quite the laugh. Curiously, it's up for sale. I'll have to follow up on this one since it's been a mainstay in the area for years, but then again, Grandpa's Growler recently closed up shop also. 

Jacob Hurst's Dry Good's Store circa 1911--in operation since 1865.

The "G Man" building used to be known as Jacob Hurst's Dry Good's Store and had operated on the site since 1865. Prior to that, it was a tavern and from 1936 to 1979 it was known as Klair's 5 Cents to Dollar store. 

For those who have yet to visit, downtown Mechanicsburg is safe and an easy walk comprised of just a few blocks. For retro fans, there's not only Eckels, but also Cache in the Attic. Art lovers will enjoy Metropolis Collective and 2nd Floor Gallery, which I wrote about in The Burg News here.

Handmade, artisan chocolates can be found at Brittle Bark  and history buffs will enjoy Civil War and More. 

These are but a few highlights of the charming town. The Museum Association is always planning new exhibits to share their enthusiasm for the history of the area, so if this type of information is also of interest to you, be sure to keep an eye on their website.